Hand surgery helps to preserve the unique functions of hands from being lost to disease and injury, and to restore. Hand injuries and rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, damage the structures in the hand. Other conditions include fractures, tendon and nerve injuries, arthritis and nerve entrapments, Treatments can be surgical and non-surgical care and includes therapy. Surgical procedures include congenital upper limb deformity correction and reconstruction, joint replacement and reconstruction in the upper limb, management of fractures in the upper limb, microsurgery, peripheral nerve surgery, restoring function to paralyzed upper limbs, small joint arthroscopy and soft tissue and bone reconstructive surgery in cases of trauma, tumor and infection. Orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery is a surgical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of foot and ankle problems that could be congenital or a result of trauma and injury. Foot surgery is done to correct conditions like bunions, which are painful enlargements of the joint situated at the base of the big toe and arthritis which causes pain and loss of motion; especially at the big toe or the joints of the arch of the foot. Bone spurs are a common problem where there is excessive growth of bone causing pain or limitation of movement. Spurs can develop at the edges of joints, tendons and lig-aments. Surgery can also remove corns, painful lumps or tissue inflammation of the nerves, tendons and ligaments.
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